Fanconi syndrome is a type of tubulopathy - a group of rare kidney conditions that affects the tubes (tubules) in the kidneys’ filters (the nephrons). Tubulopathies occur when there is a problem with the tubules which makes them not work as they should do.

Fanconi syndrome is named after Dr Guido Fanconi, the Swiss paediatrician who first identified the condition.

Fanconi syndrome is not the same as Fanconi anaemia, which is an entirely separate condition.

In Fanconi syndrome the part of the tubules that is affected is called the proximal tubule. This is the first part of the tubule and a problem here can affect how the rest of the tubule works.

It is not currently known how many children are affected by Fanconi syndrome.

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